Yuav ua li cas kho qib 2 lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia

2024 Tus sau: James Gerald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 14:08

Kev kuaj mob txaus ntshai rau tus poj niam ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog yog qib 2 ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia. Nws yog dab tsi thiab yuav kho tus kab mob li cas, nws txaus ntshai npaum li cas thiab seb nws puas tuaj yeem kho nws kom tiav - hauv kev nthuav dav hauv qab no.

Nws yog dab tsi

Qib thib ob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia (CSD) yog suav tias yog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev mucosa. Cov kws kho mob xav txog daim ntawv DShM no yog kab mob nruab nrab xav tau kev kho mob tam sim.

Hauv thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob, txhua qhov txheej txheem pathological hauv cov hlwb tseem thim rov qab hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov kws kho mob tsuas pom tus poj niam, thaum lub cev muaj peev xwm ua kom nws tus kheej swb txoj kab mob.

Hauv theem thib ob, cov txheej txheem dhau los ua tsis tau. Yog li ntawd, xws li foci ntawm cov hnoos qeev yuav tsum raug tshem tawm sai li sai tau. Thaum ua qhov kev kuaj mob, cov kws kho mob piav qhia rau tus neeg mob tias nws muaj qib 2 ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, lawv hais tias nws yog dab tsi thiab yuav kho tus kab mob txaus ntshai li cas.

Kev degeneration ntawm tes hauv 99% pib los ntawm kev kis tus kabmob papillomavirus ntawm kev pheej hmoo oncogenic siab ntawm 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 45, 66 serotypes. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb noj qab haus huv ntawm lub tsev menyuam epithelium yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob DNA kos rau hauv lawv cov qauv.

Tus kab mob no suav tias yog mob hnyav. Yog tias nws tsis raug kho raws sijhawm, nws mus los ntawm thawj qib mus txog qib ob hauv ib lossis ob xyoos, thiab tom qab tib lub sijhawm mus rau zaum peb - qhov hnyav tshaj plaws.

Hauv cov ntawv kawm ib txwm muaj ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, lawv sau hais tias kev puas tsuaj ntawm dysplasia mus rau mob qog noj ntshav tshwm sim zaum thib peb, theem hnyav tshaj plaws nyob rau nruab nrab tsib xyoos.

Kev soj ntsuam soj ntsuam tsis ntev los no ntawm oncologists qhia tias niaj hnub no hom kab mob no zuj zus sai dua, txav ntawm ib theem mus rau lwm qhov. Raws li kws kho mob hais, tus kab mob yuav tsum tau kho tam sim ntawm thawj theem nrog kev pab ntawm kev phais, tsis yog siv tshuaj, txheej txheem.

Yuav kho tus mob ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia ntawm qib 2 - tsuas yog kws kho mob poj niam txiv neej tuaj yeem hais. Yog li ntawd, cov poj niam uas tau kuaj tus kab mob HPV (tib neeg papillomavirus) yuav tsum tau sab laj los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv qog noj ntshav.

Cov kws kho mob taw qhia tias tib neeg papillomavirus niaj hnub no muaj kev txhoj puab heev, thiab qib thib ob dysplasia hauv ib xyoos lossis ob xyoos tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Kev kuaj mob ntawm "dysplasia ntawm qib 2" qhia tias tus kab mob nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem nthuav dav ntawm kev txhim kho, yog li ntawd, tus poj niam xav tau kev kho mob sai.

Cov tsos mob

Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm tus kab mob yog tias nws tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim thaum ntxov. Tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb yog dysplasia, uas tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev kis kab mob. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm:

• kub hnyiab;
• tsw tsw ntxhiab tsw, uas muaj cov ntshav txhaws tuaj;
• mob thaum sib deev, nyob hauv qab plab thiab sab nraub qaum.

Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, tus kab mob no tseem nyob ntsiag to. Hauv 10-15% ntawm cov poj niam, tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom dysplasia tau ntev los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag, thaum cov kab mob epithelial ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam twb pib zuj zus lawm.

Yuav kuaj tus mob dysplasia li cas?

Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus kab mob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kev kuaj tshwj xeeb:

• smear cytology;
• colposcopy - tshuaj xyuas lub ncauj tsev menyuam hauv qab lub tshuab tsom;
• kuaj zis;
• kev kuaj mob fluorescence.

Yog tias qhov kev ntsuas pom tseeb tias qib dysplasia thib ob, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib chav kho tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob poj niam.

Yuav ua li cas kho qib 2 lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia

Kev kho mob thev naus laus zis niaj hnub muab cov txheej txheem kho mob zoo uas tso cai tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv ib txheej txheem thiab tsis tas yuav phais.

Nyob rau theem pib ntawm tus kab mob, cov poj niam tau muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm cov cell raug tshuaj xyuas. Cov neeg mob kuaj pom theem 1-2 ntawm dysplasia yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho mob poj niam-oncologist tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.

Cov tshuaj niaj hnub txiav txim siab kev kho tshuaj thiab kev phais phais kom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, vim tias 2 degree ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia tuaj yeem kho nyob rau hauv ib zaug mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws ua tus txheej txheem me tshaj plaws - kev kho hluav taws xob, uas ua rau 95% ua kom rov zoo dua thiab nres qhov kev phom sij txaus ntshai ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tes. Cov txheej txheem yog los ntawm kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov hlwb cuam tshuam rau lub teeb ci laser.

Kev kho yog ua li no:

1. Ob peb teev ua ntej kev kho kab mob photodynamic, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau txhaj tshuaj txhaj tshuaj.
2. Cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam tau cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb qhia tshwj xeeb.
3. Tus neeg saib xyuas lub ntsej muag, nyob hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub laser, ua pa nrog oxygen, tso nws daim ntawv nquag, thiab ua ke nrog nws tua HPV cov cell.
4. Cov hnoos qeev tau rov qab ua tiav tom qab cov txheej txheem hauv 6-7 lub lis piam.

Kev tiv thaiv kab mob

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kuaj ntsuas tus kab mob HPV tas li, thiab yog tias kuaj pom, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob poj niam-kws kho mob oncologist. Tsis muaj kev kho mob zoo rau tib neeg papillomavirus niaj hnub no. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib deev tsis txaus ntseeg, saib xyuas koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab zam kev kub taub hau.

Cov poj niam yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv lawv cov neeg koom nrog kev sib deev, siv kev tiv thaiv kev sib deev yog tias tsim nyog. Nqa tawm txoj kev kho hluav taws xob tshem tawm qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob sib kis mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, tab sis tsis tiv thaiv kev rov kis tus kab mob HPV. Tsuas yog nrog tus khub ruaj khov koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm kev kis mob txaus ntshai.

Cev xeeb tub nrog qib 2 dysplasia

Tus poj niam cev xeeb tub uas kuaj pom tias muaj qib thib ob dysplasia yuav tsum pom los ntawm tus kws kho mob poj niam cev xeeb tub. Kev kho yuav raug sau tseg rau nws tom qab yug menyuam. Feem ntau, cov kab mob pathology no tsis cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab.

Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob oncogynecologist yuav tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas kho qib 2 lub tsev me nyuam dysplasia, tab sis kuj qee zaum yuav pom zoo rau kev xa khoom zoo tshaj plaws - Caesarean section.

Yog tias muaj tus kab mob pathology raug kuaj pom thaum pib cev xeeb tub, tus poj niam yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob pojniam lub cev thaum ntxov li sai tau txhawm rau tshaj tawm tias nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tsis tau txais kev kho photodynamic. Nws tau sau tseg tsuas yog tom qab yug menyuam.

Cov ntsiab lus

Cov poj niam uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj qib thib ob dysplasia yuav tsum tsis txhob poob siab lossis, sib tham, tsis mob siab rau qhov kev kuaj mob no. Koj yuav tsum paub cov hauv qab no txog cov kab mob pathology no:

1. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no muaj cov txheej txheem kho mob zoo kawg uas tso cai rau koj kom tshem tawm qhov mob txaus ntshai hauv kev mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem tsis mob thiab tsis muaj kev phiv.
2. Thaum cev xeeb tub, cov kab mob no tsis raug kho, vim nws tsis cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. PDT tsuas yog ua tom qab yug menyuam.
3. Lub xub ntiag ntawm HPV tsis txhais tau tias kev txhim kho tsis siv neeg ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, tab sis tsis thim qhov kev kuaj ib txwm muaj, uas tso cai rau cov kws kho mob saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm cov epithelial cells ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
4. Nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rau dysplasia thaum ntxov. Yog tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tua tus kab mob hauv cov kab mob hauv epithelial, tom qab ntawd kev cuam tshuam hauv cov qauv ntawm cov mucous membrane ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yuav raug tshem tawm nrog lub laser.