Hnub no yog Leo Tolstoy Memorial Day

2024 Tus sau: James Gerald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 14:08

Niaj hnub no lub ntiaj teb nco txog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias zoo Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20 cim ib puas xyoo txij li kev tuag ntawm tus txawj sau ntawv txawj sau paj huam.

Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 27-28, 1910, Lev Nikolaevich tawm ntawm Yasnaya Polyana qub txeeg qub teg thiab mus rau sab qab teb. Thaum tau mob khaub thuas ntawm txoj kev, Tolstoy tau mob mob ntsws thiab tuag ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb Astapovo ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Ryazan thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 7 (20), 1910.

Lev Nikolaevich tuag tom qab tso lub tsev teev ntuj tseg. Nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog Orthodoxy tau xaus qhov kev quab yuam thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1901. Txawm li cas los xij, Synod, qhov tseeb, tau hais txog qhov ua tiav tiav, thaum tus kws sau ntawv nws tus kheej tsoo nrog pawg ntseeg.

Ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb Astapovo, cia siab tias yuav tuag, tus kws sau ntawv xaj kom xa xov tooj mus rau Optina Pustyn nrog thov kom xa Txwj Laug Joseph rau nws. Tab sis thaum ob tus pov thawj tuaj txog hauv Astapovo, cov thwj tim thiab cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tuag tsis tau tso cai rau lub rooj sib tham no.

Tus kws sau ntawv tau muab faus rau hauv Yasnaya Polyana, ntawm ntug hav hav hauv hav zoov, qhov uas thaum nws tseem yog menyuam yaus nws tab tom nrhiav "tus pas ntsuab" uas khaws qhov "zais cia" ntawm yuav ua li cas kom txhua tus neeg zoo siab.

Cov ntawv keeb kwm tau khaws cia cov yeeb yaj kiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov hnub ntawd. Cov neeg coob coob, pom tawm tus kws sau ntawv ntawm nws txoj kev taug zaum kawg. Ib qhov ntsej muag ntawm Valery Bryusov thiab Leonid Pasternak, tus kws kos duab thiab leej txiv ntawm kws sau paj huam, ua rau pom kev.

Bryusov tau sau tseg "Txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ua tau yog ua kom tsis txhob Tolstoy lub ntees tuag ntawm lawv qhov tseem ceeb hauv Lavxias," Raws li nws cov lus pov thawj, hauv peb hnub uas tau dhau los txij li Tolstoy tuag, tsis muaj lub cev zoo li cas los ntawm thaj chaw deb mus rau Yasnaya Polyana. Nws raug txwv tsis pub xa tsheb ciav hlau xwm txheej ceev los ntawm Moscow - qhov kev txwv no tau tshaj tawm tsuas yog yav tsaus ntuj, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem siv txoj kev ncig ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Ryazan thiab Brest. Ntau txhiab leej uas xav hais lus zoo rau tus txwj laug laus tseem nyob ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb - "tsuas yog cov neeg nyob hauv ib puag ncig cov zos, Tula thiab me me puv tes ntawm Muscovites tuaj yeem tuaj txog".

Niaj hnub no, txawm hais tias Leo Tolstoy zoo siab ua haujlwm, kev tshaj tawm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv los ntawm Lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, vim tus kws sau ntawv tau tshaj tawm nws tus kheej los ntawm nws, hais tias tus tuav ntaub ntawv tus thawj coj ntawm Patriarchal Council for Culture, Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov).

Teb nrog kev foom koob hmoov ntawm yawg suab Kirill rau tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Lavxias Phau Ntawv Koom Tes, Sergei Stepashin, Leej Txiv Tikhon nco qab tias Holy Synod, los ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim siab Lub Ob Hlis 20, 1901, kom tshem tawm Leo Tolstoy "tsuas yog hais txog qhov ua tiav lawm - Suav Tolstoy nws tus kheej excommunicated nws tus kheej los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, tawg tag nrog nws, uas nws tsis tsuas yog tsis tau tsis lees paub, tab sis nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm nws tau hais meej meej."

"Lub Koom Txoos tau mob siab rau txoj hmoo ntawm sab ntsuj plig ntawm tus kws sau ntawv," sau ntawv tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Patriarchal Council for Culture. - Tsis yog ua ntej lossis tom qab nws tuag, tsis muaj "kev hais lus phem thiab foom phem", raws li cov kws sau keeb kwm tsis txaus ntseeg thiab cov tshaj tawm tau lees paub ib puas xyoo dhau los thiab thov hnub no, tsis tau hais tawm rau nws. Cov neeg Orthodox tseem qhuas txog kev muaj txuj ci zoo ntawm Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, tab sis tseem tsis lees txais nws cov tswv yim tawm tsam Christian."