Kola superdeep - txhua yam hais txog kev ua yeeb yaj kiab

2024 Tus sau: James Gerald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 14:08

Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 4, 2020, Kev tso tawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab Lavxias "Kola Superdeep" yuav raug tso tawm. Nws yog lub sijhawm los nrhiav tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hais txog cov neeg ua yeeb yam, txheej txheem kev ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov phiaj xwm ntawm kab xev. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog kom paub cov neeg tsim cov duab zoo dua.

Rov qab rau hauv 1980s

Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab rau cov kws sau cov duab yog qhov kev ua si zoo ntawm kev saib ntawm 80s era. Thiab txawm hais tias qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb ntawm daim duab yuav siv qhov chaw zais cia hauv av, thiab cov cim tseem ceeb yog cov txiv neej tub rog lossis kws tshawb fawb, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov huab cua zoo li ntawd cov neeg saib yuav tsis ntseeg qhov ntseeg tau ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm screen rau ib pliag.

Cov Koob Yees Duab Hayk Kirakosyan tau raug caw los tshawb nrhiav kev daws teeb meem rau daim kab xev. Nws pib nws txoj haujlwm hauv USSR, ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv Russia thiab Armenia, thiab xyoo tas los no tau ua haujlwm hauv Turkey. Ntawm nws tus lej kaum ob ntawm qhov ntev thiab luv luv ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv, ntau zaj yeeb yaj kiab khoom plig thiab khoom plig ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yam.

"Hauv nws cov yeeb yaj kiab, Kuv tau pom tias muaj pes tsawg tus nqi tsim khoom tau tsim los siv cov txhais tau yooj yim, nws yog qhov tsim nyog pom tau tiag tiag," hais tias tus tsim khoom Sergei Torchilin. "Dhau li, Turkish xinesmas tau siv los ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej zoo ib yam li peb, yog li peb pom cov lus ib txwm yooj yim heev. Gadget tej zaum muaj pab pawg ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws uas kuv tau ntsib thaum kuv ua haujlwm hauv xinesmas, yog li kuv zoo siab heev uas peb tau koom nrog txoj haujlwm no ua ke."

Tus kws yees duab thiab nws pab neeg tau mob siab rau 80s kev pom ntawm lub vijtsam. Thaum xub thawj, nws xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm siv kev yees duab thev naus laus zis ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd - ntawm zaj duab xis nrog cov txheej txheem thaij duab tag nrho ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho thiab siv cov kho qhov muag thiab cov koob yees duab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Tab sis qhov kev xaiv no xav tau nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb ntxiv.

Hayk Kirakosyan hais tias "Peb nres ntawm kev tua nrog lub koob yees duab digital niaj hnub no, tab sis lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv Soviet-tsim kho qhov muag ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tseem siv tau," - Txhua yam khoom siv kho qhov muag tsim qhov tsis pom kev ntawm qhov tseeb. Optics ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tsim khoom hauv Soviet, muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab qhov chaw. Qhov no yog qee qhov muag muag, thiab kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb ntawm kev xav, thiab txo qhov sib piv ntawm cov duab. Ib qho ntxiv, peb tau xaiv rau kev siv anamorphic optics. Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim cov duab, peb yuav hais, ntawm kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov sib piv tshwj xeeb ntawm 2.4: 1 tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev hloov chaw ntawm peb cov qauv kev tshawb fawb, thiab rau kev sib cais yooj yim ntawm mise-en-scenes nrog pab pawg coob ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv qhov chaw nruj."

Kev tshawb fawb loj heev hauv kev npaj rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tau ua tiav los ntawm pab pawg coj los ntawm tus tsim qauv tsim Marsel Kalmagambetov. Yav dhau los, nws ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau cov phiaj xwm ua yeeb yaj kiab uas qhov kev txiav txim tshwm sim hauv lub sijhawm niaj hnub no.

Kalmagambetov hais tias "Kuv xav paub kuv tus kheej ua tus kws kos duab hauv txoj haujlwm keeb kwm," - Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau them sai sai rau cov ntsiab lus kom lub sijhawm tau lees paub. Yuav luag plaub lub hlis, tau ua haujlwm hnyav los tsim cov duab ntawm zaj duab xis. Kuv pom kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev saib cov kab xev siv, tso kuv tus kheej rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, kawm cov khoom tiag uas yuav tsum tshwm sim hauv peb zaj yeeb yaj kiab."

Ua ke, Hayk Kirakosyan thiab Marsel Kalmagambetov tau tsim cov xim-teeb daws ntawm zaj duab xis.

"Peb siv peb qhov xim thawj," hais tias tus tsim khoom tsim. - Cov xim yooj yim yog grey thiab nws ntau ntxoov. Daj yog xim ntawm cov khaub ncaws thiab xim ntawm cov cim ntawm lub xaib. Thiab thaum kawg, xim liab, uas tsim kev ntxhov siab thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis txaus ntseeg."

Raws li kev daws teeb pom kev zoo, pab pawg lub koob yees duab tau faib cov yeeb yaj kiab ua ob peb ntu.

"Raws li cov phiaj xwm tau tsim, lub teeb tau hloov pauv, qhov ci ntawm lub teeb pom kev tau qis zuj zus, cov xim xim tau poob, lub teeb zoo li qub tau maj mam hloov los ntawm kev txav cov teeb pom kev, uas, nrog rau qhov tsaus ntuj, tau tsim kev nyiam ua suab paj nruag ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo, uas tau hloov pauv ob qhov nyob ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm zaj dab neeg, thiab los ntawm kev xav ntawm ib ntu, "hais tias Hayk Kirakosyan.

Kev txhim kho ntawm qhov pom kev thiab xaiv qhov chaw rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov xim-teeb daws ntawm daim duab.

"Ua ke nrog Gaik thiab Arseny, peb tau tham txog txhua yam ntev, mus thiab saib cov khoom, xaiv, tso tseg, rov tsim dua tshiab vim kev hloov kho hauv tsab ntawv," hais tias tus tsim qauv tsim khoom Marsel Kalmagambetov. - Kuv tsim cov phiaj xwm thaj tsam ntawm lub tsev pavilion, qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab tau ua. Tau kawg, tag nrho qhov pom kev pom ntawm daim kab xev tau ua tiav raws li tsab ntawv thiab cov phiaj xwm. Peb tsim txoj kev hauv tsev nrog txoj kev tig tsis kawg, zigzag kaum kev tshuam, labyrinthine ntsiab lus; peb tau ua tib zoo saib qhov dav ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev yuav tsum yog dab tsi, cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum muaj nyob ntawd txhawm rau pab tsim qhov kev xav tag nrho ntawm daim duab. Peb pom kev txo qhov siab ntawm cov chav kom qhov kev xav no nias ntawm tus neeg saib, yog li nws xav tias qhov kev nqis tes ua nyob hauv av ntawm qhov tob ntawm 5,000 thiab 12,000 meters, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej."

Pab pawg ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam tau ua ntej me me thiab tom qab ntawd ua qauv loj ntawm kev pom yav tom ntej. Arseny Syukhin thiab Hayk Kirakosyan tau ua yeeb yaj kiab sim nrog siv lub koob yees duab GoPro hauv qhov kev thuam no, thiab tsuas yog tom qab qhov kev suav tsis raug raug ua tiav, thiab kev tsim cov toj roob hauv pes pib.

Cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab tsis tau hnov qab txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb uas lawv tau tsim. "Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua kom cov neeg saib ntseeg tias yog nyob hauv nruab nrab-80s hauv USSR muaj qhov khoom zais cia ntawm qhov tob no, nws yuav zoo li qhov no," Arseniy Syukhin hais. - Nws yuav tsum yog tib lub sijhawm ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb Soviet, thiab qhov chaw uas txhua yam ua rau peb nco qab tias peb tam sim no tob heev hauv av, uas txhais tau tias yog tias muaj qee yam tshwm sim, nws yuav tsis yooj yim dua tawm ntawm no dua kom khiav tawm ntawm lub dav hlau. Kuv vam tias peb ua tiav."

Los ntawm qhov chaw ua yeeb yaj kiab

Kev tua tau tshwm sim hauv lub tsev pavilion nrog thaj tsam ntawm 1200 square metres, ntawm thaj chaw uas "chaw ib puag ncig" ntawm "Kola Superdeep" chaw tau tsim. Ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw pavilion, nws tau txiav txim siab ua ib feem ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm qhov chaw nyob ze ib puag ncig ntawm qhov khoom tiag "Kola Superdeep" - hauv cheeb tsam Murmansk. Txhua tus tswvcuab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab txaus siab rau qhov kev ntoj ncig no.

"Nws tau txias heev," nco txog tus neeg ua yeeb yam Kirill Kovbas. - Kuv zoo siab heev txog qhov kev mus ncig no. Kuv paub tias kuv xav taug kev ncig peb lub tebchaws. " "Hnub tua ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov nco tshaj plaws rau kuv," ncha nws tus npoj yaig Viktor Nizovoy. "Peb tau ya hla Hiav Txwv Barents, muaj daus thiab ya ncig."

Milena Radulovic hais tias Kuv yeej tsis tau pom daus ntau hauv kuv lub neej. Hauv cheeb tsam Murmansk, cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab ua haujlwm ntawm ntau qhov chaw. Thawj qhov yog Severny mine nyob hauv lub nroog Zapolyarny, uas yog Kola Mining thiab Metallurgical Company, cov koom tes ntawm Norilsk Nickel. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tuaj txog ntawm kev ntoj ke mus kawm nrog lub cim tseem ceeb Anna thiab GRU tus tub ceev xwm Yuri Borisovich tau yees duab ntawm no. Cov cim hauv UAZ tsav mus rau hauv lub hauv paus uas coj mus rau qhov chaw zais cia.

"Lub platform tshwj xeeb tau txuas rau" loaf "uas cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau mus ncig," tus tsim khoom Alexander Kalushkin hais. - Ntawm tus qauv no muaj tus thawj coj, tus kws yees duab nrog tus neeg ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Kev tua ntawm qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob tau ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm. " Kalushkin nws tus kheej tau tom qab lub log ntawm lub tsheb, uas ua rau txhua tus neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab xav tsis thoob. Kalushkin hais tias "Muaj qhov ntxim nyiam thiab txaus ntshai - nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev muaj qhov kev nyuaj siab uas cov dej ntws thiab ua rau muaj qhov dav thiab tob tob." "Thiab tsav" loaf "no nyuaj heev, vim tias kev txav tsis raug ntawm lub log yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws, thiab nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais" loaf "yam tsis muaj txhais tshwj xeeb".

Ib qho ntxiv, cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab tau yees duab ntawm Severnoye hauv kuv lub qhov av hauv qhov tob txog 200 meters. Tib lub sijhawm, kuv tus kheej tsis tso tseg nws txoj haujlwm ib pliag.

"Txhua tag kis peb tau khaws los ntawm ntau lub tsheb KamAZ, uas nqa tag nrho cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv av," tus tsim khoom Alexander Kalushkin hais. "Peb tau txiav txim siab ntawm ib ntawm thawj qib hauv qab hauv av, thiab kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus txog qhov tob txog 1000 meters. Cov no yog cov xwm txheej hnyav tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li kev rhuav tshem tau ua nyob hauv qee qhov chaw hauv kuv li. Yog lawm, peb tau hais tias txhua yam yuav zoo, txawm li cas los xij, thaum hnov qhov tawg ntawm tib lub chaw koj nyob, koj tsis txhob txwm xav tias ntshai. Peb cia siab tias dab tsi tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm Kola superdeep tiag."

Cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab tau nqa "of the elevator" los ntawm Moscow, uas lawv siv rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, thiab lawv tau ntsib txoj haujlwm nyuaj ntawm kev ua ke qhov kev ua yeeb yam no mus rau qhov khoom tiag. "Peb tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg tuaj saib muaj lub siab xav tias los ntawm txoj kev koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, tsav hla nws thiab, tom qab nkag mus rau hauv of the elevator, nqes mus rau hauv av mus rau qhov tob ntawm 5,000 meters," hais tias tus tsim khoom tsim khoom Marsel Kalmagambetov.

Tom qab ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Severny mine, pab neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab yuav tsum mus rau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb nyob ze ntawm lub zos Teruberka ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Barents. Ob peb hnub ua ntej tsiv mus rau qhov chaw tshiab, huab cua huab cua tshuav ntau yam uas xav tau. Qhov chaw tau npog nrog cov daus, thiab cua mus txog 22 m / s tsis tso cov dav hlau nqa mus saum ntuj.

Alexander Kalushkin hais tias "Lub qhov rooj qhib tau raws nraim thaum lub sijhawm peb tawm ntawm Zapolyarnoye, thiab tsis muaj kev lees paub tias peb yuav mus rau Teriberka nrog tag nrho lub tsheb ciav hlau," Alexander Kalushkin hais. - Tab sis peb muaj hmoo, peb tau tsav tsheb hla, thiab txhua yam tau npaj txhij raws sijhawm. Peb tswj kom tshem txoj hauv kev uas tsis muaj los ntawm lub zos nws tus kheej mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Barents Hiav Txwv, qhov uas peb tso ncaj qha mus rau lub dav hlau tsaws tsaws, tshem tawm ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab, cim cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab nkag mus rau hauv Kola Superdeep yam khoom.

Cov cua tuag mus txog 5-6 m / s, yog li peb tau ua tiav qhov kev tua nyuaj hauv ntuj, thaum nws tsim nyog los ua ob lub dav hlau sib tsoo. Nov yog peb qhov kev txaus siab cais tias txhua yam ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tsis muaj ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim."

Kev ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv nyoob hoom qav taub yog qhov nyuaj rau cov neeg ncaws pob. Nikolai Kovbas hais tias "Xav txog ya hla Hiav Txwv Barents." - Raws li cov phiaj xwm, peb tau nkag mus rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg - ib txwm, tus thawj coj thiab cov tsim khoom thov cov kws tsav dav hlau kom viav vias nyoob hoom qav taub. Thiab lawv zoo siab ua nws, thiab koj xav tias: zoo, yog lawm, tam sim no peb yuav tsoo. Thiab peb tau sau txhua ntu hauv Lavxias thiab Lus Askiv, thiab nws tsis yooj yim! Nws yog qhov nyuaj!"

"Thawj thawj zaug kuv tau ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv lub dav hlau ya," lees Viktor Nizovoy. "Lub suab neeg tau pw hauv qab lub rooj zaum hauv lub nyoob hoom qav taub, muaj suab nrov nrov, Gaik tau hais kom ua, tus thawj coj tau hais kom ua, thiab peb tau raug pov los ntawm ib sab mus rau saum lub pob zeb hauv Hiav Txwv Barents."

Hais txog yees

Pab neeg muaj tswv yim ntawm zaj duab xis txiav txim siab tso lub computer duab kom ntau li ntau tau hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab niaj hnub no thiab ua raws cov kab ke ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab kev ntseeg ntawm xyoo 1980s.

Tus thawj coj Arseny Syukhin hais tias "Lub tswv yim zoo ntawm 'kev txaus siab txog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv USSR' ua rau cov neeg saib nug txhua yam uas tshwm sim," - Peb tseem tsis tau siv los saib peb yav dhau los hauv txoj kev zoo li no. Ua tsaug rau Soviet xinesmas, lub tswv yim pom tseeb tias lub sijhawm ntawd yuav zoo li cas. Yog li ntawd, lub tswv yim tau tshwm sim: yog tias cov yeeb yaj kiab hais txog 80s, tom qab ntawd nws yuav yooj yim dua rau cov neeg saib kom ntseeg nws yog tias nws zoo li nws tau raug tua nyob rau xyoo 80s. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev ua kom zoo nkauj, ua kom zoo nkauj thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab yuav tsum tuaj ua ntej es tsis siv computer duab. " Sergey Torchilin ntxiv rau nws cov npoj yaig:

"Cov neeg tsim khoom xaiv cov duab vim tias CGI tso cai rau koj ua txhua yam, hauv paus ntsiab lus, rau ib qho peev nyiaj twg. Tus qauv tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo lossis zoo dua, kos ntau dua lossis tsawg dua, tab sis koj yuav ua rau nws lawm. Cov teebmeem analog yog hnyav dua hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, vim tias koj tam sim paub tias nws yuav raug nqi ntau npaum li cas, tab sis nws raug nqi ntau. Tab sis qhov koj tau txais yog qhov tshwm sim pom pom tam sim thaum ua yeeb yaj kiab - tsis muaj ntxiv, tsis tsawg dua. Ib zaug ntxiv, cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau yooj yim dua ua yeeb yam thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm nrog qhov lawv tuaj yeem pom thiab hnov. Tib yam siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj. Thiab thaum kawg, tus saib pom nws nyob hauv txoj kev sib txawv kiag li. Cia peb saib cov franchises hauv peb hom ntawv uas tau ntsib ob qho tib si analog thiab digital cuam tshuam lub sijhawm. "Terminators" lossis "Aliens" - qhov sib piv ntawm cov franchises no tseem suav tias yog kev ntseeg thiab ntseeg tau tshaj plaws."

Tus tswv ntawm Galaxy Effects pab pawg, uas ua haujlwm ntawm "Attraction", "T-34" thiab "Goalkeeper of the Galaxy" tapes, tau lav paub tsim cov yas pleev thiab lub cev tshwj xeeb los ntawm Kola Superdeep project. Lawv lub luag haujlwm suav nrog kev tsim cov duab siv cov yas yas ntawm kev pleev, kev txhim kho thiab kev siv lub cev tshwj xeeb los.

"Kev tsim cov khoom zoo li no tshwj xeeb yog, tau kawg, txheej txheem txheej txheem ntau txheej uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv: cov kws puab, cov kws tshaj lij, cov kws tsim khoom, cov tsim cov duab, cov kws ua yeeb yam thiab ntau lwm tus," Yuri Zhukov, tus tsim ntawm Galaxy Effects. - Thawj qhov kev kos duab tau muab los ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab pab pawg muaj tswv yim, thiab peb tau ua cov qauv raws li lawv. Txog kev pleev, cov neeg tsim khoom muab rau peb tag nrho cov nkauj ntawm cov neeg ua pov thawj, cov duab ntawm cov qauv, kos duab thiab cov lus pom. Raws li txhua qhov no, peb ua qauv 3D thiab tsim ib lub tswv yim rau txhua qhov tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem pom hauv zaj duab xis."