Thaum cov menyuam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob BCG thiab pes tsawg zaus

2024 Tus sau: James Gerald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 14:08

Cov kws kho mob qhia niam txiv txog thaum twg thiab pes tsawg zaus BCG muab rau menyuam. Cov txheej txheem muaj nws tus kheej qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo, uas tau rov tham dua txog qhov rov qab los ntawm tus kabmob coronavirus. Peb yuav qhia koj tias nws yog los ntawm dab tsi, thiab nws kev txiav txim siab txhais li cas.

Kev txiav txim ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj BCG thiab nws yog dab tsi

Thawj thawj zaug, mycobacteria uas ua rau virulence ntawm nyuj mus rau tuberculosis tau txais los ntawm Fab Kis microbiologists Albert Calmette thiab Jean-Marie Camille Guerin xyoo 1912. Lub npe tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua los ntawm kev sib piv nrog Fab Kis sau cov tsiaj ntawv loj ntawm cov npe ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, uas yog, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

Tau ntau xyoo lawm, cov tshuaj tau raug kuaj ntawm ntau yam tsiaj. Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev khaws cia ntev ntawm cov kab mob muaj sia, ua rau tsim kev tiv thaiv ruaj khov rau tuberculosis hauv tib neeg, kuj tau daws.

Thawj tus menyuam tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xyoo 1926, thiab tsis ntev cov tshuaj tau pom zoo kom siv thoob plaws. Tam sim no 31 lub tebchaws tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob BCG raws qhov yuav tsum tau ua thaum pib txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, 150 lub xeev xav kom lawv cov neeg nyob hauv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin tau siv tshwj xeeb los txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws. Muab rau polyclinics hauv daim ntawv ntawm lyophilisate (cov khoom qhuav), thaum siv, nws tau diluted nrog sodium chloride. Kev khaws cia ntev ntawm cov khoom tiav raug txwv.

Muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog me me ntawm mycobacteria hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg - BCG -M. Hom tshuaj no yog tswj hwm:

• yog tias tus menyuam yug ntxov ntxov;
• thaum, vim muaj ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, lub sijhawm pom zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raug ncua;
• yog tias tus menyuam yug tshiab hnyav dua 2.5 kg thaum lub sijhawm ua pa thawj zaug;
• yog tias thaj chaw uas cov pej xeem tshiab nyob yog nyob rau thaj chaw uas muaj xwm txheej kis tau zoo tas li.

Los ntawm txoj kev, xaiv kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau ua hauv Switzerland, Netherlands, Czech koom pheej, Luxembourg. Qhov xwm txheej nrog tuberculosis hauv cov tebchaws no nyob rau ntau pua xyoo tsis ntev los no tau zoo heev uas cov niam txiv tau tso cai txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam rau ntawm tus kabmob raws li lawv qhov kev txiav txim siab.

Thaum twg thiab pes tsawg zaus

Tau ntev, tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim ntawd hauv tsev kho mob, thaum tus menyuam nyuam qhuav yug los, lossis tom qab tso tawm los ntawm nws. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo tias cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua ob peb zaug txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntev. Niaj hnub no, kev txhaj tshuaj BCG tau ua 2 zaug - nyob rau hnub 3-7 tom qab yug menyuam thiab thaum tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 7 xyoo.

Txij li xyoo 2020, nws tau npaj kom tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob BCG thiab BCG-M thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7 thiab 14 xyoos vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov xwm txheej sib kis hauv tebchaws Russia. Yuav ua li cas cov kws tshaj lij yuav tshuaj xyuas lub xeev cov xwm txheej hauv qhov pom ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis ntev los no tseem tsis tau paub.

Ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm hom mob coronavirus tshiab, cov cim qhia rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov hauv qab no:

• tus menyuam qhov chaw nyob hauv thaj tsam uas muaj 80 tus neeg mob nyob rau kis mob ntsws rau txhua 100,000 tus pejxeem;
• tus menyuam tau yug los rau hauv tsev neeg uas muaj tus kabmob;
• tus neeg tshiab tau dhau los ua neeg nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam nrog rau qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam txog kab mob endemiological.

Feem ntau, ib tus kws kho mob hauv tsev tau sau ntawv kho dua tshiab, tshwj xeeb yog tus menyuam cov txheeb ze tuaj yeem kis tus menyuam nrog mycobacterium tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob qub.

Teeb meem tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Kev tsis txaus siab txog qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus rau tuberculosis yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntau ntxiv ntawm cov teeb meem:

• lymphadenitis;
• mob plab;
• keloid nti;
• abscesses;
• lupus;
• osteomyelitis;
• kev ua xua.

Yeej, txhua qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tus menyuam tau yug los nrog qee yam kab mob pathology, uas ua rau kev txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv hauv ib cheeb tsam. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tus menyuam yug tshiab ua ntej qhia txog BCG thiab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog menyuam yaus noj qab nyob zoo.

Yog tus menyuam vim qee yam tsis tuaj yeem tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv, lub sijhawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau ncua. Raws li qhov no, tau teem sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej, vim nws raug txwv tsis pub ua BCG tsawg dua ib hlis tom qab cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws yav dhau los. Hauv ib tus neeg twg, thaum twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus nrog BCG thiab pes tsawg zaus, tsuas yog kws kho mob txiav txim siab.

Cov ntsiab lus

1. Cov tsos ntawm Bacillus Calmette-Guérin tau cawm lub ntiaj teb los ntawm kev tuag.
2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tiv thaiv cov pejxeem ntawm cov tebchaws uas muaj xwm txheej tsis zoo txog kev kis tus kab mob ntsws.
3. BCG tsuas tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab kuaj mob tas.
4. Xyoo 2020, nws tau npaj yuav tso tseg kev rov tshuaj xyuas menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7 thiab 14 xyoos nrog tshuaj.